{"id":171598,"date":"2021-07-13T16:36:03","date_gmt":"2021-07-13T14:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/?p=171598"},"modified":"2024-06-26T11:00:47","modified_gmt":"2024-06-26T09:00:47","slug":"ice-trial-commandant-charcot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/en\/ice-trial-commandant-charcot\/","title":{"rendered":"Polar expedition into the Arctic sea ice"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Trial run through the ice for Le Commandant Charcot<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n

Following the success of both its Norwegian sea trials in April 2021 and the tests of its liquefied natural gas propulsion system \u2013 a completely innovative new approach \u2013Le Commandant Charcot<\/a><\/u><\/em>, the first ever hybrid-electric polar exploration ship, really stepped into the thick of things by heading for northeast Greenland, less than 1,000 kilometres from the North Pole, to undergo initial trials of its all-round capabilities and performance in the ice.<\/p>\n

In addition to the PONANT teams, each of the partner organisations that worked on the construction of Le Commandant Charcot<\/em><\/strong> were also on board the ship, from Norwegian shipyard VARD SOVIK to Finnish engineering firm AKER ARCTIC, which designed the hull, and VIKING, which was responsible for organising these ice trials<\/strong>, which for everyone involved constituted a watershed inaugural moment: the outcome of six years\u2019 work.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d text_font=\u201d||||||||\u201d text_line_height=\u201d1.8em\u201d link_font=\u201d||||on||||\u201d header_2_font=\u201d|300|||||||\u201d header_2_text_color=\u201d#334556\u2033 header_2_font_size=\u201d38px\u201d header_3_font=\u201d|600|||||||\u201d header_3_text_color=\u201d#307f90\u2033 header_3_font_size=\u201d26px\u201d header_3_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d header_4_font=\u201d|600|||||||\u201d header_4_text_color=\u201d#334556\u2033 header_4_font_size=\u201d22px\u201d header_4_line_height=\u201d1.5em\u201d header_5_font=\u201d|700|||||||\u201d header_5_text_color=\u201d#307f90\u2033 header_5_font_size=\u201d18px\u201d header_5_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d header_6_font=\u201d|600|||||||\u201d header_6_font_size=\u201d16px\u201d header_6_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d text_orientation=\u201djustified\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||10px||false|false\u201d]<\/p>\n

Destination Belgica Bank!<\/h3>\n

In the early hours of June 11, the hull of Le Commandant Charcot<\/em><\/a><\/u> came into gentle contact with its very first ice.<\/strong> Having departed Tomrefjord in Norway for Spitsbergen, passing via Longyearbyen along the way, the ship is now headed for Belgica Bank<\/strong> off the coast of northeast Greenland. It\u2019s here \u2013 after conducting a thorough survey of the area \u2013 that Le Commandant-Charcot<\/em> will find ice of the best density:\u00a0 hard first-year ice,<\/strong> not too thick and not too thin, and not affected by much movement. It\u2019s about finding \u201ca site covered by a large area of a type of coastal sea ice known as fast ice<\/strong><\/a><\/em>,\u201d explains New Builds and Research & Development Director Mathieu Petiteau. \u201cThis kind of ice has a fairly uniform surface, free from too many compression zones\u201d<\/em>.<\/em><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_enable_color=\u201doff\u201d background_enable_image=\u201doff\u201d width=\u201d100%\u201d width_tablet=\u201d\u201d width_phone=\u201d\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d max_width=\u201d1000px\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d custom_padding=\u201d1px||5px||false|false\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d4_4\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_enable_color=\u201doff\u201d background_enable_image=\u201doff\u201d background_size=\u201dcontain\u201d][et_pb_image src=\u201dhttps:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Essais_glace2.jpg\u201d alt=\u201dBanquise arctique\u201d title_text=\u201dEssais_glace2\u2033 align=\u201dcenter\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_margin=\u201d||-5px|||\u201d][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u201d1\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||0px||false|false\u201d][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d max_width=\u201d900px\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||0px||true|false\u201d locked=\u201doff\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d4_4\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d text_font=\u201d||||||||\u201d text_line_height=\u201d1.8em\u201d header_2_font=\u201d|300|||||||\u201d header_2_text_color=\u201d#334556\u2033 header_2_font_size=\u201d38px\u201d header_3_font=\u201d|600|||||||\u201d header_3_text_color=\u201d#307f90\u2033 header_3_font_size=\u201d26px\u201d header_3_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d text_orientation=\u201djustified\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||24px||false|false\u201d]<\/p>\n

Full-scale tests to navigate safely in the ice<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The handful of ice floes<\/strong>1<\/sup><\/span> traversed on route to Belgica Bank gave the crew of Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> a glimpse of the ship\u2019s formidable capabilities<\/strong>. First impressions are extremely positive. With the ship already drawing admiration from the experienced captains for the way she manoeuvres, combining power with agility: \u201cThis crossing has enabled us to fine-tune the propulsion system under full power<\/em> before we get the actual ice performance trials<\/strong> underway,\u201d <\/em>explains Matthieu Petiteau. The morning of June 15, it\u2019s D-day. \u201cUsing bathymetric surveys, we\u2019ve been able to identify an area of deep water where we can carry out our trials in safety without entering Greenland\u2019s territorial waters.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

To begin with, Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> first undergoes a series of speed tests through ice ranging from 2 to 2.7 metres (6\u00bd to 9 feet) in thickness<\/strong>, and through ridges<\/strong>2<\/sup><\/span> measuring almost 10 metres (33 feet). The result: power far in excess of the standards required, thus ensuring maximum levels of safety. Afterwards, once disembarked on the sea ice in complete safety, the AKER ARCTIC teams spend time collecting ice core samples so they can precisely analyse them in terms of thickness, salinity, temperature and hardness. It also provides an opportunity to test out the ICE CUBES<\/strong>: innovative camp kits that enable \u201cthe entire crew and passengers to survive on their own for several days in an extreme environment,\u201d <\/em>explains Captain Marchesseau. \u201cWe are ready and prepared for anything!\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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On June 18, the ship departs Belgica Bank to head north in search of a larger area of sea ice. \u201cIncluded in the programme,\u201d<\/em> recalls Matthieu Petiteau \u201cwere reversing tests, passages through 15-metre deep and 3-metre high ridges \u2013 without doubt the most impressive thing we\u2019ve done \u2013 and to finish with, SRTP tests.\u201d<\/em> Safe Return to Port<\/em><\/strong> is the number one safety requirement: Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> has two of everything \u2013 fire extinction systems, command bridges, engine rooms, etc. \u2013 to enable it to cope with all kinds of situations. It\u2019s an emotion-filled day\u2026 and one crowned with success!<\/p>\n

Vibration levels were also measured throughout the trials to ensure the ship meets passenger comfort <\/strong>standards on board. \u201cI was blown away by how comfortable it felt on board. You could easily have believed you were out on the open sea. \u201cShe\u2019s very well-mannered,\u201d<\/em> adds Captain Marchesseau. With its 10-metre draft, its anti-roll stabilisers (used in open waters) and its ice-breaking hull specially designed by Aker Arctic to meet the standards of a cruise ship, Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> is particularly stable<\/strong>, and she\u2019s also the first ship with an ice-breaker-type reinforced hull and the first ship equipped with integrated stabilisers.<\/p>\n

On June 21, the crew decides to head to the north of Spitsbergen<\/a><\/u><\/strong> for an endurance test in colder, harder ice<\/strong>. Once the test is completed, PONANT\u2019s captains and officers take over at the controls to carry out a series of manoeuvring tests in the ice<\/strong>. \u201cWe learned a lot about ice navigation from the four Swedish and Norwegian Aker Arctic captains on board,\u201d<\/em> explains Patrick Marchesseau.<\/p>\n

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The art of sustainable sailing in the polar regions<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Along with the North Pole, northeast Greenland<\/strong> remains one of the least known and least visited area of the polar regions<\/strong>. A at the beginning of the 20th century, there was the expedition led by the Duke of Orleans and the Belgian captain Adrien de Gerlache de Gomery on board La Belgica<\/em>! On the whole, however, \u201cVery few ships have ventured to this part of the world,\u201d<\/em> observes Captain Stanislas Devorsine. For him personally, and for captains \u00c9tienne Garcia and Patrick Marchesseau, it\u2019s a dream come true\u2026 and a privilege.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s the privilege of discovering and exploring a region of incredible biological richness, notable, in particular, for its polynyas<\/strong>: stretches of open water surrounded by sea ice and which serve as marine oases<\/strong> for an entire ecosystem as precious as it is fragile.<\/p>\n

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Disturbing these incredible places replete with life is of course out of the question for Le Commandant Charcot<\/em>. The crew therefore adopts an extremely vigilant and careful approach when marvelling (from a distance) at the sight<\/strong> of Greenland\u2019s bears, walruses, bearded and ringed seals, narwhals and right whales. \u201cThe extraordinary power of the ship is there only as a backup to ensure everybody\u2019s safety. To avoid weakening the ecosystem<\/strong>, which is vital <\/strong>for both wildlife and the Inuit populations in the Arctic<\/em>, we will never sail at full power or enter areas of fast ice,\u201d explains Captain Marchesseau. \u201cWe will sail in the open channels between the broken up sheets of drifting sea ice.\u201d \u201cOur electric batteries will enable us to sail in zero-emission mode. We will adopt an approach of complete humility<\/strong> in coping with the elements, and we will be as discreet as possible to give nature the opportunity to surprise us<\/em>,\u201d adds Captain Garcia. As was the case with an encounter with a curious bear and her cub, who came to greet the bow of Le Commandant Charcot<\/em>, or the sighting of another bear close to the ship making its way between the ice sheets, indifferent to the vessel\u2019s presence.<\/p>\n

The Adrena ice routing software designed especially for Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> will play an essential role in working out the best possible route and minimising the impact the ship has on the environment.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Then there\u2019s the further privilege of coming to cruise off the coasts of these isolated lands, settled a thousand years ago by the descendants of the first men to arrive from Russia via Beringia, an Ice Age land bridge between eastern Siberia and Alaska which later became the Bering Strait. Remnants of this Thule civilisation<\/strong>, the ancestors of all today\u2019s Canadian Inuits<\/a><\/u>, still exist today in northern and northeastern Greenland.<\/p>\n

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Science and awareness<\/strong><\/h3>\n

As a robust polar expedition ship<\/strong> capable of navigating through the ice and disembarking its passengers in complete safety, it is strongly hoped that Le Commandant Charcot,<\/em><\/strong> with its onboard research laboratories, will go on to make its mark on the history of scientific exploration<\/strong>. These ice trials<\/strong> have provided an opportunity \u201cto lay the initial groundwork for the collaboration between PONANT and academic research,\u201d<\/em> explains New Builds Site Manager Vladislav Sidorenkov-Duprez. \u201cBecause Le Commandant Charcot has the Sea-Ice Measuring System<\/strong> (SIMS)<\/em> installed, we were able to measure the thickness of the ice to an accuracy of 10 cm (4 inches) over the course of the entire journey. The resulting surveys will be made available to the scientific community via an open access database.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Furthermore, and in collaboration with the Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat at LOCEAN-Sorbonne Pierre et Marie Curie University,\u201cWe have installed a stereoscopic camera<\/strong> able to film blocks of ice all around the ship in 3D <\/strong>so that their geometry can be studied,\u201d<\/em>\u00a0he explains.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u201d1_2,1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_enable_color=\u201doff\u201d background_enable_image=\u201doff\u201d width=\u201d100%\u201d width_tablet=\u201d\u201d width_phone=\u201d\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d max_width=\u201d1000px\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||5px||false|false\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_enable_color=\u201doff\u201d background_enable_image=\u201doff\u201d background_size=\u201dcontain\u201d][et_pb_divider show_divider=\u201doff\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_image=\u201dhttps:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/IMG-20210617-WA0024.jpg\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d height=\u201d550px\u201d height_tablet=\u201d450px\u201d height_phone=\u201d280px\u201d height_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d border_width_right=\u201d5px\u201d border_color_right=\u201d#ffffff\u201d border_width_all_tablet=\u201d\u201d border_width_all_phone=\u201d\u201d border_width_all_last_edited=\u201don|desktop\u201d border_width_right_tablet=\u201d0px\u201d border_width_right_phone=\u201d\u201d border_width_right_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u201d1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_enable_color=\u201doff\u201d background_enable_image=\u201doff\u201d background_size=\u201dcontain\u201d][et_pb_divider show_divider=\u201doff\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_image=\u201dhttps:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/SIMS.jpg\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d height=\u201d550px\u201d height_tablet=\u201d450px\u201d height_phone=\u201d280px\u201d height_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d border_color_right=\u201d#ffffff\u201d][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d max_width=\u201d900px\u201d custom_padding=\u201d0px||0px||true|false\u201d locked=\u201doff\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d4_4\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d text_font=\u201d||||||||\u201d text_line_height=\u201d1.8em\u201d header_2_font=\u201d|300|||||||\u201d header_2_text_color=\u201d#334556\u2033 header_2_font_size=\u201d38px\u201d header_3_font=\u201d|600|||||||\u201d header_3_text_color=\u201d#307f90\u2033 header_3_font_size=\u201d26px\u201d header_3_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d text_orientation=\u201djustified\u201d custom_padding=\u201d28px||28px||false|false\u201d]<\/p>\n

A worthy enterprise then, this alliance between scientists and polar navigation experts<\/strong> on board Le Commandant Charcot<\/em>, which from the outset has been designed as a ship of scientific opportunity. Once the procedures involved have been tested and approved, future passengers of Le Commandant Charcot<\/em> will be able to take part via \u201cparticipatory science\u201d sessions. This is a unique opportunity to raise awareness of essential questions around how the atmosphere and the oceans interact and the fundamental role played by the cryosphere3<\/sup><\/span>. \u201cThere are no French research vessels with this kind of ice-going capacity. This is a unique opportunity to further our knowledge of ice and polar environments,\u201d<\/em> concludes Captain Marchesseau.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d admin_label=\u201dMEA \u2013 classic\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_color=\u201d#f7f7f7\u2033 width_tablet=\u201d\u201d width_phone=\u201d100%\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d max_width=\u201d1000px\u201d custom_margin=\u201d||50px||false|false\u201d custom_padding=\u201d14px|50px|50px|50px|false|true\u201d custom_padding_tablet=\u201d\u201d custom_padding_phone=\u201d|40px||40px|false|true\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d4_4\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d][et_pb_divider show_divider=\u201doff\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d width=\u201d15%\u201d width_tablet=\u201d150px\u201d width_phone=\u201d150px\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d custom_margin=\u201d||17px||false|false\u201d custom_padding=\u201d||||false|false\u201d border_width_bottom=\u201d4px\u201d border_color_bottom=\u201d#26afc2\u2033][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_padding=\u201d||7px|||\u201d]<\/p>\n

What was the outcome of these ice trials<\/strong>? An across-the-board success hailed by all the teams involved, who are now eager to take to the sea so they can share their enthusiasm with others. Next step, the dry run\u2026<\/em><\/strong>training expedition leaders in ice reconnaissance with two Inuit hunters on board!<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_margin=\u201d-36px|auto||auto||\u201d custom_padding=\u201d13px||14px|||\u201d][et_pb_column type=\u201d4_4\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d](1) Sea ice fragment in the form of a flat raft.<\/em>
\n(2) Compression ridge.<\/em>
\n(3) The Earth\u2019s entire ice compartment, consisting of mountain glaciers, sea ice and the large ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland.<\/em>
\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u201d1\u2033 admin_label=\u201dPUSH\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_padding=\u201d||0px||false|false\u201d][et_pb_row column_structure=\u201d1_2,1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d background_color=\u201d#334556\u2033][et_pb_column type=\u201d1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_padding=\u201d|50px||50px|false|true\u201d][et_pb_image src=\u201dhttps:\/\/escales.ponant.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/My-Post-1.jpg\u201d alt=\u201dNavire d\u2019exploration polaire se refl\u00e9tant sur l\u2019eau\u201d title_text=\u201dPush_Charcot\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d max_width=\u201d445px\u201d module_alignment=\u201dcenter\u201d max_height=\u201d445px\u201d custom_margin=\u201d-90px||||false|false\u201d custom_padding=\u201d||20px||false|false\u201d][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u201d1_2\u2033 _builder_version=\u201d4.7.7\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_padding=\u201d|50px|||false|false\u201d custom_padding_tablet=\u201d|50px||50px|false|false\u201d custom_padding_phone=\u201d|20px||20px|false|true\u201d custom_padding_last_edited=\u201don|phone\u201d][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d text_font=\u201d|700|||||||\u201d text_text_color=\u201d#ffffff\u201d text_font_size=\u201d38px\u201d text_line_height=\u201d1.4em\u201d width=\u201d70%\u201d width_tablet=\u201d100%\u201d width_phone=\u201d\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|desktop\u201d custom_margin=\u201d10px||20px||false|false\u201d custom_padding=\u201d|||20px|false|false\u201d text_font_size_tablet=\u201d\u201d text_font_size_phone=\u201d25px\u201d text_font_size_last_edited=\u201don|tablet\u201d border_width_left=\u201d5px\u201d border_color_left=\u201d#26afc2\u2033]Set sail for the white paradise
\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d text_text_color=\u201d#ffffff\u201d width=\u201d70%\u201d width_tablet=\u201d100%\u201d width_phone=\u201d\u201d width_last_edited=\u201don|desktop\u201d]Discover the art of navigating through ice on board Le Commandant Charcot<\/em>
\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=\u201dhttps:\/\/en.ponant.com\/cruises\/on-board\/vessel-le-commandant-charcot\u201d url_new_window=\u201don\u201d button_text=\u201dDiscover our cruises\u201d button_alignment=\u201dleft\u201d _builder_version=\u201d4.9.4\u2033 _module_preset=\u201ddefault\u201d custom_margin=\u201d20px||20px||false|false\u201d][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trial run through the ice for Le Commandant Charcot <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":172023,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"thematique":[1418],"class_list":["post-171598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-get-ready","thematique-polar-adventures"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nInitial trials around the Arctic sea ice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover all about the initial ice performance trials conducted in mid-June on board the Le Commandant Charcot, the Ponant cruise line's new polar expedition ship.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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